Latest Article on Computer Technology for College Students

Computers have been dominating the technological scenario since the seventies. This wonderful machine has not only won over the hearts of billions, but also it has entered all walks of our lives. The widespread availability of computers has tremendously helped mankind make itself developed, powerful, self-reliant, prosperous and progressive entity. So, in the galaxy of scientific inventions and discoveries, the computer has emerged as the brightest star leading man towards better future.

Lightning speed, superb accuracy, high reliability and unmatched integrity are some of the qualities of a computer which has made its application SO pervasive. It has revolutionized the knowledge and information processing system. Knowledge is power and so the chip has become a mighty thing. This tireless and marvelous machine can perform a number of complicated calculations instantly. A computer can execute over a million instructions per second and that too as many times as you like. All this will be done without any mistake. The global revolution, ushered in by computers, is far more powerful than any other the world has seen so far. Though the computer is more miraculous than the mythical Aladdin's lamp, it has passed through an evolutionary process before it reached the present stage. But this process is continuous and millions of dollars are being spent every year on research and development to make it more perfect, versatile and user friendly. A few years back, personal computers were used as glorified typewriters. Then they began to be linked together in a local area network. And then, equipped with telephone modems, they began to talk to one another anywhere across the world.

“Reason is the ruler and queen of all things.” Cicero.

Today, we cannot imagine any area in which computers are not being used; business, banking, electronic publishing, engineering, design, international communication through E-mail, creative designing, fashion designing, internet surfing, web page designing are some of the vital fields which have witnessed the extensive usage of computers. Japan, the USA, the UK, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Taiwan, Germany and France are using computers in the fields of automoblies, automation , business transactions, health management, education and communication. These are the economic super power of the world if We Want to compete with them on economic, technological and social frontsoo, complete computerization of economy is a must.

“All progress means war with society.” George Bernard Shaw.

The computer stores are ocean of information and knowledge and give results as and when ordered. It has helped in overcoming many difficult problems of multiple calculations, scientific data processing, record-keeping and industrial complications. So far it has proved a matchless friend and servant of science, technology and industry. It connects people and supplies desired information instantly. Telecommunication is based on computers. Life in urban cities cannot be imagined without computers. In rural area as well computers can play a vital role in crop development, seed research, crop disease management, rural employment and rural education.

“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Clarke, The Lost Worlds.

The coming computers are likely to be still faster, convenient, handy and more sophisticated and complex. The Fortran IV. Which was considered then as ultimate, has now been left far behind by more sophisticated ones. Each new generation of computers has been smaller, lighter, faster and more powerful than the one before. Now, notebook sized pocket computers are a common thing. For example, now you can use your laptop or notebook computer to hook into any phone outlet, exchange e-mail, and voice mail, etc. Consequently, the word has turned into a global village and people have become more mobile, active and result-oriented. Now work and business have become an activity in the real sense of the term. The computer has played an extremely important role in making man more productive and efficient.

“Happy is he who has been able to learn the causes of things.” - Virgil

Though the computer has solved many problems of man, it has certainly increased and added to the problem of unemployment. A computer can replace socres of skilled and efficient people. In spite of this drawback, computers are going to stay forever. They have become a necessity. The government is trying its best to encourage it so that it may contribute to the growth and development of the national wealth and well-being. Consequently, on the export front, the industry has shown remarkable achievement. In the same way, computers have a very bright future in various places like railways, airlines, banks, defence, service, business organizations, offices, research establishments, postal and communication departments. In defence, they help radar, missile and rocket launching, automatic flight, etc. Railways, airlines and hotels now offer instant information on booking and reservations with the help of computers. They have reduced distances as they can be used to co-ordinate activities at different places. They have opened up new avenues of shopping, entertainment and advertising, etc. They have helped in remote access to bank accounts, vital information, Email, paging, video shopping.

“What is now proved was once only imagined.” William Blake.

Computing is becoming more and more pervasive. It has also revolutionized teaching and learning. Computers have obviously proved very useful for training in various fields. Computers can play chess, compose music, draw figures, paint, write each and everything and can also help in producing books in Braille system for the blind. They have made trading on stock exchange far more transparent, reliable, efficient, easy, fair and enjoyable. It has surely eliminated the monopoly of the jobbers and corruption of the brokers.

“Science surpasses the old miracles of mythology.” Emerson.

Some people fear that one day computers will supersedethe human mind. But this fear is not based on facts. In spite of radical and marvelous development in computer, it will only remain a machine a handmade of man. It can never take the place and position of the human brain. It can never attain the  creativity and thinking of the human mind. After all a computer is a machine, a product of human intelligence, which depends on human hands for its manufacture, maintenance and operation. The most powerful is mans brain and that is not going to change.

But computers have surely brought their problems. They can commit mistakes, and when they do, they create many serious problems. Their mistakes are really blunders and more riskyo than those committed by men. They have their own virus, and they can become its victims. So much dependence on computers surely degenerates mental and physical power. But the huge advantages of computers far outweigh these few disadvantages. The world is a global village now and we can keep pace with the World through computerization only.

“The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.” Albert Einstein, Out of My Later Years

Guest post by: Rabia Anum

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Letter to Editor About Promoting Technical Education - FSc Online

Examination Hall,

A.B.C. (City).

September 05, 2008

The Editor,
The Daily Dawn,
Lahore.

Dear Sir,

This is the age of science and technology. Trends are changing with the changing time. For the sake of economic stability, we have to set up more and more industry. To run and maintain this industry, we need technical experts. For this purpose, we should make technical education popular.

Technical education is the need of the hour. Our people are talented and brilliant. If their abilities are polished in a systematic way, they can prove beneficial to the Country. Their services are highly paid in the private sector. A person who has a degree in any of the technical disciplines can bring prosperity to his family.

Technical experts can set up their own industry with the Small loans that various government departments offer. They have the technical know-how. They also have the knowledge of the market trends. They can plan accordingly and can start their own business. In this type of the enterprise, they will work diligently and bring strength to themselves and to the national economy.

If we set up a network of technical schools and colleges in our Country, we can bring the industrial revolution in our country. It will definitely boost up our economic condition. Now we export raw material. If we have industry at home, we can export finished goods. It will earn us more foreign exchange.

Technical education will also solve the problem of unemployment. Our young men are unemployed because they have formal education. They do not have any technical skill. The illiterate technicians working at different workshops earn thousands of rupees daily. A technical expert is not unemployed even in this period of economic recession.

So, for the 3ake of the economic stability and prosperity, we should change the direction of our education. We no more need clerks and officers. We, in fact, need technicians and engineers. We can do this only through technical education. So technical
education is necessary for our country.

Yours faithfully,

XYZ.

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Letter to the SHO Reporting the Theft of Your Motorbike

Examination Hall,

A.B.C. (City).

September 05, 2018

The SHO,
ABC Police Station,
Lahore.

Dear Sir,
Subject: Theft of a motorbike.

My motorbike number ABC 1234 was stolen from Government Higher Secondary School on April 20, 2008. This school is a centre of the university examination of B.A./B.Sc. On the said date, went to the centre for my third paper. As usual, i parked the motorbike at the stand near the centre. When I came back on the completion of my paper, found my motorbike missing. It was a Honda CD-70 which my father bought for me two years earlier so that I might go to attend my classes in the College without any inconvenience.

I live in a village fifteen kilometres away from this place. My father is a class-four employee in a rural health centre of our village. He cannot afford this loss. Without motorbike, I cannot come to the city. You know that the public transport from our village to this town is not dependable at all. Still have to appear in seven more papers. My future depends on the result of this examination.

I have presented before you a clear picture of my problems. You are a dutiful police officer and enjoy a very good reputation in the area. Your compassion is really praiseworthy. I hope that you will realize my difficulties and help me in Iny difficulty as you have already helped numerous people in similar situations.

Yours faithfully,

X.Y.Z.

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Letter to the DHO for Opening a Medical Centre in Your Locality

Examination Hall,

A.B.C. (City).

September 05, 2018

The District Health Officer,
 Lahore.

Dear Sir,
Subject: Request to open a well-equipped medical Centre in your area.

Our area is a newly developed Colony of the city. It is far away from the main town. w Still local transport is not frequently available. With the passage of time this residential area is expanding fast. As more and more educational institutions are opening their branches in this area, more people are shifting to this place. This is a neat and clean area, really ideal for having a residence. Numerous facilities are available here. But it has its problems too. The main problem is that there is no medical centre of the government sector here. The nearest one is at a distance of eleven kilometres. In case of any emergency, we have to depend on the private medical centres of this area.

it is a well-known fact that the maintenance of health is getting costlier with every passing day. Private medical centres are really very costly. They are not affordable for an average person. A dispensary was approved 3. few month back but the owners of these centre got the proposal dropped because their business was in danger. You know that provision of the health facilities is the responsibility of the state. It is the basic right of everyone to get benefits in this regard from the government side. Please give due consideration of our request and open a small but well-equipped medical Centre to give basic health facilities to a Vast majority of the people of this area.

We hope that our request will be materialized without any lapse of time. it will be a great service to these residents.

Yours faithfully,

 ΧΥΖ.

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Simple Essay on Violence in Our Society Free Download

Once our society used to be peaceful and full of love and co-operation. But now it presents an altogether different picture. Tension prevails everywhere. Everyone is under an enormous pressure. There are many factors responsible for this state of affairs. Poverty, lack of Social security, injustice, cut-throat competition are Some of the major causes. But the results are horrible. Street quarrels, the use of abusive language on roads, disrespect of fellow citizens at public places are the signs which shows that all is not well. Good humour is absolutely absent. Everyone seems to be exploding. Consequently, we find violence everywhere.

People of different age groups have problems of different nature. Young children Complain that their parents do not devote proper time to them and their going to various places of entertainment are quite infrequent. They get frustrated and become violent. Similarly, boys and girls have enormous educational and social pressures. Ever increasing competition keeps them restless If unfortunately they fail to get their aims, they become disappointed and turn violent.

Grown up people, both young and old, are leading exceedingly busy life these days. They have to sustain enormous pressure at the places of their work, in markets, on roads and ever at homes. The maddening effects of these pressures are writ on their faces. Everyone around seems to be batting. This is damaging their physical and mental health. At times they become so violent that the results are unbearable. Quarrels over minor issues have become a matter of routine in our Society.

All these are minor expressions of violence in our society. In the same society, we now find organized acts of violence. Planned murders and dacoities speak of the poor law and order situation in our society. Nobody feels secure. Life and property is at risk all the time. Gunpoint robbery is the order of the day. Most of the people involved in such acts of violence are young boys between fifteen to twenty-five. It is a matter of concern that our youth is going in the wrong direction.

Sociologists suggest that people often adopt aggressive behaviour by observing and following role models. TV, movies and video games throw a flood of programmes. showing violence and aggression. The use of low level of language is becoming common. The teenagers who view such aggressive movies, TV shows and play violent video games are more likely to show such behaviour in real life. The violence factor in the entertainment world is adversely affecting our youth. This is the age of the media. But unfortunately, the programmes presented on it are sensational and violent. The present-day entertainment provides a contrast to the entertainment of the past that used to be peaceful and thought-provoking.

The young people of the present time are justified in thinking the world as a mean and dangerous because this type of the world is shown to them ih the media. Consequently, they imitate such violent acts to fit the scene well. The media also shows aggressive people successful. So violent and aggressive heroes have become our youth's ideals. Their whole style of thinking is changed. Death for them is not tragedy or grief at all. It simply looks like disappearing from the TV or monitor screen. This is why they fearlessly kill other people or die themselves in the process. Unfortunately, they completely forget that the real life never gives a second chance to live.

There are numerous movies that have presented bloodshed in a manner that arouses pleasure and entertains the audience. In such movies, violence looks pleasing, graceful and dazzling. in video games, in particular, the player commits acts of violence with a sense of joy. When these young people find themselves exposed to this much amount of violence in the world of entertainment, they get accustomed to it. They take it as a part of normal life. They do not give due value to life. If no act violence happens around them for a long time, they feel that something is missing in their life. They find thrill in much acts and are always found in a mood to ask for trouble.

These days the whole world is in the grip of the wave of terrorism. Various TV channels keep on showing news-reels of suicide bombing or other such criminal acts. This thing also thrills the minds of the youngsters who are already prone to violence. This is why many young men offer themselves as scapegoats for such acts. Newspapers are also full of the news and views on these issues. Such articles or news Sections Stir the young minds and they start going in the wrong direction. Modern psychologists are Conducting researches on these aspects of entertainment and it is likely that some sort of restrictions will be imposed on the media. These restrictions will be justified because when man does not remain sensitive to brutality he turns a beast.

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Tree Plantation - Green Pakistan (Short English Essay)

A major portion of the Pakistani flag is green, but a vast area of the country is void of greenery. The percentage of tree plantation in Pakistan is very low. It is a pity to see that the country that has the blessing of five rivers has very little greenery. According to the experts, at least one-fourth of the area of a country must have forests. In Pakistan, forests are less than five percent.

The tragedy is that we are bent upon cutting down the trees that were planted by our senior generations. t is a very common sight that every other day numerous trees are being felled sometimes to expand the roads and sometimes to construct new buildings. Sometimes we cut down trees to get timber. Whatever the reason is, this practice is highly deplorable. The more painful aspect of the picture is that none of us is ever ready to think of their replacement.

Trees are the ornaments of the environment. They beautify the earth and turn the deserts into an earthly paradise. They provide a natural abode to birds and animals. They provide them food as well as shelter. They keep the stream of life running. Without trees, the atmosphere gives a barren-look where no birds sing and no animals visit.

Trees are the friends of humanity and share our feelings and moods. They console us in our dark hours and enhance the effects of our jubilation. They encourage us to live among hardships and struggle for survival. They expose to us the craftsmanship of the Supreme Creator. They present before us the symmetry of God's creative scheme. This is why the human voice. in literature does not become effective unless we refer to winds, flowers, plants, trees and the beings who live in their association.

Trees are the tongueless creatures who speak the universal language of the soul. We travel hundreds of miles to see the beauty of these amazing objects of nature and learn from them the precious secrets of life. They teach us endurance, well-being, grace and sacrifice. They live for others and add charm to the lives of those who depend on them. In the West, a new branch of knowledge has emerged in the recent years in which ecologists and psychologists are working collectively to connect the environment with the human psychology. This new Science is called "ecopsychology".

Ecopsychology is the study based on the increasing worldwide concerns over the environment. The ecologists say that global warming has plunged our planet into a crisis and we have reached the dangerous level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This situation is disturbing human psychology. Its remedies lie in man's return to nature and in promoting the objects of nature all around us.

Tree plantation is the major key to the most of our environmental problems. Trees provide pollution-free atmosphere and Counter the unhealthy activities of human beings that bring harmful and damaging effects to the atmosphere. Modern research says that a big tree provides oxygen that is sufficient for thirty-six children. It is an admitted fact that greenery has a soothing effect on man's psychology. It helps in nurturing the spiritual growth of an individual and saves him from depression, loneliness and embarrassment by developing positive feelings in him like love, loyalty, beneficence, happiness and satisfaction.

Our country is a tropical country and most of our land is arid. We should pay special attention to tree plantation because only through forests we can bring moderation to the hot climate. Trees will bring freshness to the dry surroundings by adding moisture and oxygen. They will make the sandy land of our deserts compact and will help in controlling soil erosion. They will also provide a natural defense against floods.

We have the forest department in each of our provinces, but its performance is not highly commendable. Every year millions of rupees are spent on the tree plantation campaign but the desired results are not achieved. The reason is that there is no proper monitoring system of protecting and nourishing the plants. The sapling needs the same care that a human baby requires. The rate of their survival in our Country is very low. If we have a will to make Pakistan green, we will have to take measures to protect plants.

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English Essay on "The Afghan Issue" for CSS FPSC PPSC

The United States forces are not comfortable in Afghanistan despite their decade-long occupation. The resistance posed by the Taliban is growing tougher and tougher with every passing week. The chances of the American Success are apparently decreasing. The story of the American invasion seems to meet the same fate that was once the doom of the British or the Russian forces. A famous English movie "Remnants of an Army" presents the sorrowful tale of the British retreat from Afghanistan during the nineteenth century.

The British forces were logistically better placed because india was under the British rule. The border was common. So was the case during the Russian invasion of the twentieth century, while the United States is hundreds of miles away from the Warfield. Naturally, it is urging Pakistan to give it the required logistic support. The Pakistani government is virtually left with no option other than bowing before the will of the US. Our rulers are caught between two fires as the people oppose the American policy.

The American "war on terror" has failed dismally for two numerous reasons. Firstly, it was based on a fundamental error. 9/11 was an act of terrorism not committed by a nation. Now the policy setters have realized their mistake. They are trying to restore the previous position but the situation seems to be beyond their control.

The Afghan President Karzai has made numerous attempts to start talks with the Taliban. He has offered them posts in the government. But they are unwilling to negotiate with Karzai because they think he is in the hands of foreign occupiers. Anyhow, both the Afghan groups have realized each other's importance. They have realistic opinions about the affairs. Both the parties have realized that they must have a constitution.

The situation has eased up considerably. We no more hear the news of the Taliban attacking schools or teachers. The incidents of flogging the women have become the story of the past. Different foreign countries are taking back their troops from Afghanistan. It is hoped that a day will come when the Afghans will sit on a table and break the ice. Their unity is the only solution of their problems.

The US and British involvement in Iraq has given them deep wounds. They cannot afford to sustain the same type of injuries in Afghanistan. Their people have turned against them because of their aggressive designs. These two campaigns have far greater impact on their international standing than even the Second World War. The recent economic recession is the direct outcome of these expansionist designs.

The Taliban in Afghanistan are the sons of the soil while the Americans are the foreigners. This is an important factor. As the time has shown, the second generation Of Afghans have got involved in this war. Those who were just the kids of eight or ten years are new grown-up young men. They have seen their near and dear ones being butchered before them. How can they spare their enemies? Their revengeful anger is their guiding force. The American forces, on the other hand, lack such motivation.

The American think-tanks are openly suggesting the withdrawal. The real threat to the UK and the US is not the growing militancy in Afghanistan but rather it is the production of opium. Its production has gone so high that 90% of the heroin sold in the UK goes from Afghanistan. This is more shocking to the British thinkers than the Suicide bombers. The US forces have been badly entangled in this quagmire.

Now the situation is worsening for the US. Some of the NATO countries have withdrawn their forces, and the rest of them in the process of withdrawal. As such, soon it will be the US only to bear the brunt of the Afghan War. If this occupation prolongs, the US forces will face the situation that once they faced in Vietnam. Therefore, the best word of advice for the US policy makers is that they should allow the Afghans to settle their problems themselves.

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